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laI‚l wdydr .ekSfuka yDohg;a jl=.vqj,g;a jev jeä fjkjd

laI‚l wdydr jYfhka y÷kajkafka wjYH muKg fmdaIH mod¾: fkd,efnk" YÍrhg wys;lr ix>gl nyq,j wvx.=" ms<sfh, lr we;s wdydrhs' ld¾h nyq,;ajh" udOH uÕska lrkq ,nk m%pdrKh fukau myiqj i,ld fjf<|fmdf<a nyq,j we;s wdydr ,nd .ekSug fndfyda fokd fm,ö isá;s'

fmaiag%Sia" frda,aia" mSÜid" fvdakÜ" n¾.¾ia jeks wdydrj, f;,a ¨‍Kq" iSks wêlj we;s w;r" úgñka L‚c ,jK yd fl¢ wvqh' ta ksid laI‚l wdydr j,ska ,efnkafka wiu;=,s; fmdaIKhls' tu.ska isrer ;=< úúO fjkiaùï we;sjk w;r mßjD;a;sh l%shdj,Ska o fjkiaùïj,g Ndckh fjhs'

wjidk m%;sM,h jkafka

újdyhg fmr isgu Èh‚h Ôú;hie,iqï lr.; hq;=hs

  m;sl=,hg msúfik ;re‚h t;eka mgka Ôj;ajkafka w¨‍;a mßirhl h' w¨‍;a kEoEhska msßila iuÕ h' Tjqyq úúO woyia" is;=ï me;=ï yd wej;=ï mej;=ï we;s wh fj;s' ta wh iuÕ mEfykakg kï" i;=áka Ôj;ajkakg kï w¨‍;a idudðldjg ta mßirh yd tys Ôj;ajk wh ms<sn|j jegySula wjfndaOhla ;sîu b;d jeo.;a h' fï ksid újdy Èúhg msúfik ´kEu ;re‚hla ;ekg iqÿiq kqj‚ka lghq;= lrkakg o; hq;= h'

ieneúka u újdyhl § isÿ jkafka fo;ekl Ôj;a jQ fofofkla tlg Ôj;a ùuhs' ta tlaùfï§ we;eï úg ;uka fuf;la wkq.ukh fkdl< hï hï foa wkq.ukh lrkakg;a fuf;la mj;ajdf.k wd isß;a úß;a w;a yeÍug;a isÿúh yels h' ;re‚hla újdyhg iQodkï úh hq;= jkafka ta .ek fyd| wjfndaOhlsks' Ôjudk nqÿrÿka oji úYdLdj f.a Ôjk pß;h úuikak'

wehg újdy jkakg isÿjQfha ;uka úYajdi lrk wd.u" wkq.ukh lrk isß;a úß;a yd .;s mej;=ïj,g yd;amiska fjkia mjq,l ;reKhl= iuÕh' ta .ek Wlg,S fkdjQ wE Wml%uYS,Sj ta mjqf,a wh ;ukag wjeis f,i yiqrejd .;a;S h' ñiÈgq wd.ul isá iajdñ mqreIhd bka uqojd hym;a ;;a;ajhg m;a lr .kakg iu;ajQjd h' weh ish iajdñ mqreIhdf.a

ÿrl;k iy Bfï,aj,ska iqj| hjk C%uhla

 ÿrl:k Tiafia fyda wka;¾cd,h yryd ñ;=re ñ;=ßhka fj; m‚jqv hjkd úg Bg .e<fmk iqj|la iu. uqiq fldg heúh yels C%uhla cmdk ;dlaI‚l iud.ula fidhd f.k ;sfí'

tu iud.u peÜm¾*a ^Chatperf& kï fõ' iqj| úysÿjd,k fuu jk;u ikaksfõok WmlrKh ye¢kafjkafka

ysi fkdue;s wj;drhla

  ysi fkdue;s wj;drhla uykqjr l=Kavidf,a oïnrdj .ïudkfha ießirK njg we;s l;djla ksid .ïjdiS fndfyda fofklaa oeä NS;shlg fukau le<ölgo m;aj isá;s'

udi foll muK ld,hla ;siafia isg ießirK njg l;djla we;s fuu ysi fkdue;s wj;drh lsysmfofklau oel we;s w;r thska lsysmfofkla frda.d;=rù hqleÿrka f.kajd n,s f;dú,a o lr f.k we;'

oïnrdj .ïudkfha fndfydafofkla f.dux l¿jr jeàf.k toa§u f.j,a fodrj,a jid oud ksjfia we;=¿ù isákakg mjd mqreÿ ù we;af;a ysiiqka fï wj;drhg we;s ìh ksidh' lsishï wjYH;djhlg f.orlg f.dia ksjil fodrg ;Ügq l<fyd;a lsisu flfkla fodr kï wßkafka ke;' ta fjk lsisjla ksid fkdj ysiiqka wj;drh  meñK fodrg ;Ügq lrk njg úYajdi lrk ksidh'

wOHdmkh" fma%uh yd ,sx.sl;ajh

uq¿ f,dalhu fma%uh lshk yeÕSu olskafka mú;% ixl,amhla‌ yeáhghs' kuq;a j¾;udk iudch fma%uh ;=< we;s fï mú;%;ajh ke;fyd;a h:d¾:j;a nj yßyeá y÷kdf.k kE' fma%uh iuÕ wdorh jf.au ffjrh iu. bßishdj;a tlg .uka lrk nj wo iudch ;=< olskakg ;sfnkjd' fma%uh ;=< fï yeu fohla‌u ;sfnkjd' fma%uh;a iuÕu flfkl= ;=< we;sjk yeÕSula‌ ;uhs w;am;a lr .ekSu' fhdjqka fma%uh ksid ishÈú kid .ekSug is;=k wm yuqjg wd fndfyda fofkl= ta ;;a;ajhg m;aj ;snqfKa fuu w;am;alr .ekSug t,a, jQ ndOdjka ksihs'

fndfyda wjia‌:dj, fma%uh ksid yg.kakd fuu w;am;a lr .ekSfï yeÕSu fufyhjkafka rd.h úiska' úfYaIfhka j¾;udk fhdjqka fmïj;=ka wdorfha yd rd.fha fjki yßyeá wjfndaO lr fkd.ekSu ksid Tjqkaf.a Ôú; f€ojdplj,ska wjika jk ieá wmg fmfkkjd' fhdjqka fma%uh" fndfyda ÿrg werfUkafka mdi,a uÜ‌gñka' wo iudcfha YsIHfhla‌ fyda YsIHdjla‌ Tjqkaf.a m%:u fma%ufha w;aoelSu

T¨‍ nlalkag fõje,a lidh

   fjila W;aijh <Õ <Õu ths' fmr jirj, ;rï fjila m%fndaOhla fujr ck;dj ;=< ke;s ;rïh' tl nlÜ tlla fjkqfjka wu;r úÿ,s n,anhla o,ajkakg isÿùu .ek ck;dj fujr fojrla l,amkd lr n,k njla fmfka' ta" úÿ,sì, jeä ùu ksidh' fjk j;dj, fndfyda ksjdi jy< jgd r;="ks,a"fld<"ly meye;s úÿ,s n,an je,a i;shla mqrd oe,afjñka ;sfí' Bg wu;rj nlÜ" fjila l+vq wdÈh i|yd ;j;a w,xldr j¾Kj;a n,an fhdod .efka' kuq;a fujr mqoa.,sl uÜgñka isÿlrk fjila ieris,s fndfyda ÿrg wvq ùug bv ;sfí' ta" tall 90 g jeäfhka úÿ,sh oe,aùug ck;dj fkdi;=gq neúkah' fjiÕska miq tk ,hsÜ ì, remsh,a oyia .Kka j,ska jeä ùug bv ;sfnk neúka h'

fujr fji‍‍‍fÕa wdOdr tl;= lr isÿ lrk f;drK bÈ lsÍuo ;rula ÿrg wvq ùug bv ;sfí' fjila ieris,s" f;drK fujr wvq jqj;a fjila isß krUkakg iqmqreÿ mßÈ ck;dj k.rj,g meñfKkq we;' tfia meñfKk ck;dj úfkdao lsÍug fmr jirj, T¨‍ nlalka kegqj;a fujr T¨‍ nlalkag;a

 Ôú;h f.dvkÕd .ekSfï§ oekqu jvjd .ekSu wjYHh' f.fjk Ôú;fha§ jefgkakg bv we;s f,v j<ld.ekSfï§ tf,i jvjd .kakd oekqu" l=i,;d njg yrjd .ekSu w;HjYHh' fkdorejka orejka jkakg;a" orejka hym;a jeäysáhka jkakg;a' oekS fyda fkdoekS isÿúh hq;= jkafka fï l%shdoduhh'

,sx.sl;ajh iïnkaOfhkao yßyeá .<md .; hq;=" fï l%shdoduh wo fndfyda úg isÿjkafka ;u ;u keK mu‚ka ys;d .kakd yd f.d;d .kakd yeáhgh' tfyhskau jev jroaod .ekSfï m%;sM, f,i ukigo" isrergo f,v mqreoaod .kakd whf.a f.dv wo jeäjkafka ;reK" jeäysá f,i jhila" fjkila ke;s .dKgh'

,sx.sl;ajho" ta yd ne÷Kq

wefußldkqjka ñkS uia ld,d fukak idlals

  Jamestown ys jane ienEjgu iqkaor kj hෞjkshlj isákakg we;' fl<sf,d,a úfha§u uyd ì%;dkHhfha isg iuqÿr ;rKh lrñka kj ckmo msysgqùu i|yd wefußldjg hd;%d l< msßig weho wh;a jQjdh'

tfy;a wefußldfõ ckmo msysgqùug meñ‚ ta m<uq bx.%Sis cd;sl lKavdhug fukau kj fhdjqka úfha isá iqkaor f–kag o uqyqK§ug isÿjQ w;aoelSï iqkaor fkdùh'

tx.,ka;fha ma,hsujq;a  m%foaYfhka 1609 cqks udifha§ muK wefußldfõ kj ckmo we;slsÍu i|yd msg;a jQ fuu lKavdhu tu jif¾u wf.daia;= udifha uq,a Nd.fha§ wefußldfõ j¾ðkshdys msysá jamestown m%foaYhg f.dvniskakg we;ehs ie,fla'

kjuq ìul kj ckmo we;s lsÍfï kjuq yeÕ=‍ï leá lrf.k f.dvng fuu bx.S%is cd;slhka msßig fidnd oyu wdisß mjka ieÆ njg b;sydih foia fkdfoa' Tjqkag we;a; jYfhkau uqyqK §ug isÿù ;snqfKa iajNdj O¾ufha m%pKav;ajhghs'

wefußldjg 1609 - 1610 olajd w;aú¢kakg isÿjQ

wkqkag neK neK ysáhg wfma m%Yakj,g úi÷ï ,efnkafk kE

wms w;.yk yeu jefâu yeu ;siafiu id¾:l fjkafk kE' iuyr jev jrÈk fj,dj,a ;shkj' tlÕhs fkao@

fufyu jrÈkafk iuyr fj,djg wfma jrÈkau kffuhs' wks;a ñksiaiqkaf. jerÈ jev" fkdie,ls,su;alu" lmálu" B¾IHdj jf.a foa ksid fndfyda wjia:dj, wfma jevlghq;= wvd, fjkak neßlula kE'iuyr wjia:dj,§ kï wmsg flfkla lrk jrola thdgu lsh, ksjerÈ lr.kak mq¿jka fjkj' ta;a jeä m%;sY;hla tal fkfï isoafjkafk" wks;a me;a;'wmsg jerÈ jev lrk fndfyda ñksiaiq kej; taj ksjerÈ lr.kak wmsg Woõ fjkafkj;a Wkkaÿ fjkafkj;a kE'

t;fldg wms fudlo lrkafk@